The
world of textile industry is going through revolutionary changes aimed at the
unique needs of the modern customers. Textile products are being most essential
for human beings and now its development is toward value added function. Value
addition in clothing has changed the global textile scenario;
the main objective of our paper is to
create good sleep through the fabric finished with lavender oil. In this paper
fabric made up of 100% pure cotton will be finished with lavender oil. Human
clinical studies have reported that presence of lavender oil extract in
beneficial in many ways and is mostly used for medical applications like insomnia
, alopecia, anxiety, stress, postoperative pain and as an antibacterial and
antiviral agent.
It smells and the presence of this oil in fabric
will make the wearer feel happy and
during sleep make him to concentrate towards this pleasant smell .thus the one
wearing this garment will get a good sleep throughout the entire night. During
the finishing treatment the lavender oil is encapsulated within the yarn
structure and the fragrance will be
released in a slow manner. And the pleasant smell of lavender can be
obtained for many number of washes and usage of the fabric, as it is herbal in
nature, there will not be any skin irritation the sleepless person often using
sleeping tablets can have a good sleep using such kind of garments
INTRODUCTION
The name Lavender was given to this plant; the name
thought probably to have come from either the Latin verb 'lavare' (to wash) or 'livendulo'
(livid or bluish). Lavender is one of the most useful and
versatile herbs available both as a fresh or dried herb, and as an essential oil.
Throughout history in its native regions of Europe, it has been widely used for
treating a variety of problems. Probably the
most commonly used property of Lavender is in helping to pleasantly and gently
induce sleep. This combined with its calming and relaxing properties, gave it
popularity in British hospitals for many years. It was reasonably common in the
Victorian era for those who had the means to own lavender-flower stuffed
pillows. Simply a drop or two of lavender essential oil, or a few more drops in
a relaxing pre-bedtime bath, can be quite useful for people who suffer from
mild insomnia, especially if it is because of stress. It’s soothing, calming
qualities make it perfect to also help with panic attacks, anxiety, and so on.
CULTIVATION OF LAVENDER PLANT
Lavender
really is a hardy little plant. It can be grown in zones from 4 to 10 quite
easily. Naturally some of the types are better suited for the colder
temperatures then others. Some aren't hardy to frost at all, now that does not
mean that they can’t be grown in cooler climes it just means that they need to
be grown in either pots or in protected areas.
Fig:
1 Lavender plant Fig: 2 Lavender flower
CHARACTERISTICS OF LAVENDER OIL
Lavender
essential oil has soothing, calming, and restorative properties. The essential
oil is antiseptic, cooling and mild. Considered the universal oil, lavender is
readily used neat, or undiluted, and combines well with almost all other oils
for a wide variety of benefits. Many aroma therapists say lavender is the first
essential oil to get. Color and Body Grade: A clear essential
oil, Lavender is generally considered middle note oil, but can be used as
either a base or top note depending on what other essential oils you combine it
with.
FEATURES:
Ø Anti-septic,
anti-viral, and anti-bacterial
Ø Promotes
a feeling of well-being; anti-depressant
Ø Soothes
and heals the skin
Ø Promotes
skin cell renewal
Basically,
it is said that the lavender herb is easy to grow and one does not need the expertise of being a horticulturist to grow this perennial herb in one’s own kitchen
garden
BENEFITS OF LAVENDER WHEN USED IN SKIN CARE PRODUCTS
It has antiseptic, antibacterial,
anti-viral, anti-toxic, anti-inflammatory, cytophylactic, decongestant,
rubefacient, restorative, vulnerary and tonic therapeutic effects on the skin.
Because of the high percentage of linalool
that it contains, it is excellent for promoting healing. The vulnerary
properties help to prevent tissue degeneration and also arrest bleeding in wounds. It balances the skin, making it ideal
for any skin type. Its cytophylactic properties (encouraging the growth of new skin cells) stimulates the growth of
new skin cells, which is a boon for any anti-aging skin care product, as well
as people struggling with problem and acne skin, as well as for minor wounds
and sores.
Its balancing action on the skin
makes it perfect to be used in cases of abscesses, acne, carbuncles,
eczema, minor infections, oily skin, boils, burns, sunburn, wounds and psoriasis,
while it rubefacient properties increase blood circulation and relieve
congested skin.
PREPARATION
AND CHEMICAL CONTENT OF LAVENDER
PREPARATION
Essential oil was extracted from
lavender flowers, in which the flowers are heated with water by direct fire,
wood being used as fuel. The stills are carried to the fields where the flowers
grow, because it is believed that the flowers deteriorate upon transportation.
In stationary distilleries, the oil is obtained by distillation with steam. The
yield is 1 pound of oil from 200 pounds of fresh flowers. Schimmel & Co.
obtained from dried French flowers a yield of 1.2%, from dried German flowers,
2.8%. All lavender oils were indiscriminately termed oil of spike in
former centuries
Essential oil was extracted
from lavender flowers in a semi continuous system by supercritical CO2.
Experiments were carried out in the ranges of 8−14 MPa pressures, 308−323 K Temperatures,
and 1.092−2.184 × 10-3 kg/min carbon
dioxide flow rates. The extraction process was modeled by a
quasi-steady-state model as a function of extraction time, flow rate, pressure,
and temperature. The model contains only one adjustable parameter, the intra particle
diffusion coefficient (effective diffusivity) De. The model using the best fit
of De correlates the data satisfactorily.
The official oil is described as
"a colorless or yellowish liquid, having the fragrant odor of lavender
flowers, and a pungent and bitter in taste. Specific gravity is 0.885 to 0.897 at
15°C. It is soluble in all
proportions in alcohol (distinction from oil of turpentine), and in three times
its volume of a mixture of 3 volumes of alcohol and 1 volume of water
(distinction from, and absence of, oil of turpentine), it is also soluble in
glacial acetic acid. With an equal volume of carbon disulphide it forms a
turbid mixture. The alcoholic solution of the oil is neutral or slightly acid
to litmus paper
LAVENDER OIL CHEMICAL CONTENT:
The main chemical components of
lavender oil are a-pinene, limonene, 1, 8-cineole, cis-ocimene, trans-ocimene,
3-octanone, camphor, linalool, linalyl acetate, caryophyllene, terpinen-4-ol
and lavendulyl acetate.
Lavender has long been regarded for
its splendour and uniquely breathtaking fragrance. It is more than just a
flower that gives an exquisite view to its surroundings. It also has the power
to heal, not only for muscle spasm and physical injuries, but also for
emotional stress. Lavender essential oil is excellent for the skin and adding
its extract to soaps and bathwater gives off a fresh fragrance. It also helps
repair skin problems while making the skin feel invigorated.
Put the oil into the jar then add
the plant material and stir. Cover tightly and leave for 48 hours in a sunny windowsill, shaking every 12 hours. Lay a piece of muslin
over the bowl and strained the oils. Gather up the muslin and squeeze the
material to extract as much as you can. Put the oil back to the jar and add
fresh material. Continue in a same way until you get the aroma you want. If the weather is cold and dull you can place the
jar in a saucepan of cold water. Slowly heat it until the water become just
hand-hot. Keep it the temperature for 10 minutes. Remove the jar. Do this once
a day. After final straining, you can put the oil into a dark glass bottle. The
shelf life for your essential oil is 6 - 12 months if kept in a dry, dark, cool
place.
APPLICATION PROCESS OF LAVENDER OIL TO GARMENT:
The pure cotton woven fabric was desized
to remove the sizing materials by enzyme and scoured to remove the unwanted
substances by using 3gpl of sodium
hydroxide and 0.1gpl of sequestering agent and 1.75gpl of Hydrogen peroxide in the m:l ratio of 1:4 and the
fabric is boiled for 1hr. After bleaching hot wash is done during this hot
wash, to remove the peroxides by peroxide killer and monosodium phosphate was
added and it is neutralized by acetic acid. Then the fabric was dyed with
reactive dyes and after treatment is required to remove the surface colours,
and it is ready for dyeing.
Recipe:
M: L: R = 1:10
Lavender Oil = 10% (OWM)
Temperature = 80˚C
Time = 30 mines
pH =
6 by acetic acid.
PROCESS SEQUENCE
Take a required amount
of water
↓
Add acetic acid to
maintain the pH level at 6
↓
Raise the temperature
to 80˚C
↓
Add 10 % of lavender
oil
↓
Immerse the garment
into the bath and continue the process for 30 mines
↓
After that take out the
garment from the bath and dry it without washing
SPECIAL PROMOTIONS:
The
fresh, sweet aroma of lavender has relaxing and uplifting qualities that leave
users with a sense of calm and balance. Discover your inner calm with these
great lavender products!
HOW IT WORKS:
People
respond to the sense of smell on an emotional level more strongly than any
other sense. For example, a single aroma
can trigger a whole string of forgotten
memories. The area of the brain associated with smell is the same area as
that associated with memory. The olfactory nerves are located within the nasal
cavity and respond to particular aromas. They send the information to the
part of the brain where memory and emotions lie. This area connects with
another part of the brain (hypothalamus and pituitary gland) which governs our
hormonal systems. These aromas trigger a variety of chemical actions within the
body, including the release of specific chemicals. Enkephalin reduces
pain and creates a feeling of well-being. Endorphins also reduce pain and induce sexual feelings.
Serotonin helps relax and calm. Because the olfactory nerves are a direct
extension of the brain's limbic system, reaction to smell is relayed
immediately.
SCIENTIFIC
GLANCE
The
olfactory epithelium lies within the nasal cavity. The nerve endings are
sensitive to molecules floating about in the air that get stuck on the mucous
surface. The contact of such molecules with the cilia of the olfactory
receptors is transduced into neural messages
MODERN RESEARCH
Current research for external uses of lavender flower oil has
shown some evidence for the relief of anxiety and depressive mood, ability to
promote sleep, and as an antibacterial. Lavender oil’s antibacterial properties
have been found effective in the healing of the perineum in post-partum women
who had episiotomies while giving birth. In addition, lavender oil aromatherapy
reduced the level of perceived anxiety and physical symptoms of anxiety in
nursing students. In hospice patients, it has elicited a decrease in perceived
pain and depression and an increased sense of well-being. In other studies,
lavender oil was found effective in reducing anger-frustration moods and
negative responses about the future. Lavender essential oil has also been
studied for its ability to reduce agitation and mitigate the effects of
dementia in elderly patients.
`
CONCLUSION:
Lavender
can be thus encapsulated for a longer period of time, which otherwise possess
lower shelf life. It’s not creating any harmful sensation to humans or the
environment. Under suitable finishing and curing conditions, the wash
durability of lavender finished fabrics can be more than 15 wash cycles, so now
people are more considering about the quality rather than any other things like
cost ,etc of the products, so these lavender finished materials will going to take very
good place in future days.
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